Fred East (1885-1983), who wrote under the name “Tom West,” was born in London, England. After being badly injured in France while serving in the British Army in WW1, he turned to writing, eventually moving to the United States, where he became a journalist and editor. In 1944, at age 59, he published his first western novel, and went on to write sixty more, including some under the pseudonyms “Peter Field” and “Roy Manning.”